Motivation, values and involvement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Motivation, values and involvement - Essay Example Motivation is a complex phenomenon. In direct relation to consumer behaviour, it refers to the facts which incite consumers to behave in a certain way, as in, all these being equal, to repeatedly purchase one brand instead of another. Generally speaking, motivation is a response to latent or overt biological or learned need. Indeed, products have the potential to address overt needs, or awaken latent ones and, in so doing, create a sense of want which can only be satisfied through the purchase of the product. In direct relation to the aforementioned, it is important to point out that the assumption that the purchase/use of a certain product will satisfy need/want is the crux of the expectancy theory and, in itself, contributes to the intensification of motivation. Proceeding from the above stated, it is important to clarify that there are different types and categories of need. This phenomenon is referred to as need hierarchy and has been fully explained by Maslow's theory of need. According to the aforementioned, people have different types of needs, some of which, such as the need to shelter, are more pressing than others, such as the need for recognition.

ACCESS TO EDUCATION AS A WOMEN'S RIGHTS VIOLATION IN IRAN AND PAKISTAN Research Paper

ACCESS TO EDUCATION AS A WOMEN'S RIGHTS VIOLATION IN IRAN AND PAKISTAN - Research Paper Example citizens, three reasons can be perceived as standing paramount to human rights progress on education in Islamic countries: 1) The internal case of religion or the exercise of a particular aspect or type of Islamism. 2) The external case of orientalism or the policies and practice of the Western world that affect human rights outcomes in Arab regions; 3) The economy or particularly extractive industries, which are predominately male driven, on the region in terms of society and culture. By focusing the primary concern of the study towards the exploration of the availability of educational opportunities in Pakistan and Iran, the research aims to understand the male-dominated elements that thrive in these particular societies and how it has led to the oppression of women who reside in this part of the world. As stated previously, the assessment and analysis which has been conducted in this paper can be examined from three critical elements and theoretical perspectives which are that of 1) Islamism 2) orientalism and 3) economic considerations of the environment. From a scholarly point of view, the case of Islam and the rise of religious extremism in both Pakistan and Iran is an internal matter of the states because it establishes the foundations on which the nations’ constitution, judiciary and legal systems have come into being. In recent years, the rise of extremism in Pakistan which has led to the creation of various Taliban factions that strive to prohibit women from gaining education is demonstrated by the case of 16-year-old education activist, Malala Yousufzai who was shot by the Taliban in 2012 for raising her voice against their injustices which included the destruction of girls’ schools and colleges in Swat District. Indeed, many of the cultural elements and factions that thrive in Pakistan and Iran are based upon the inspirations of religious text but more so it is the interpretation of the text that is responsible for developing the social matters of